27 SEPTEMBER CURRENT AFFAIRS (MCQ)

Q1. Which of the following species are critically endangered in IUCN Red List?

1. Malabar Civet
2. Javan Rhinoceros
3. Namdapha Flying Squirrel
   Select the correct answer using the code given belowa) 1 only
   b) 2 and 3 only
   c) 1 and 3 only
   d) 1, 2 and 3
   Solution: d)
   Q2. With reference to Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA), consider the following
   statements:
4. It safeguards investments from effects of political turmoil in developing countries.
5. MIGA guarantee is limited to projects related to infrastructure and manufacturing sectors only.
6. India is a member of MIGA.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
   a) 1 and 2 only
   b) 2 only
   c) 1 and 3 only
   d) 1, 2 and 3
   Solution: c)
   Explanation:
    MIGA the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency is a member of the World Bank
   Group. MIGA’s mission is to promote foreign investment into developing countries. It
   provides political risk insurance guarantees to private sector investors and lenders. It
   provides noncommercial guarantees (insurance) for crossborder investments into
   developing countries.
    MIGA’s guarantees protect investors against the risks of transfer restriction (including
   inconvertibility), expropriation, war and civil disturbance, breach of contract, and nonhonoring of financial obligations.
    Most sectors are eligible for MIGA guarantees, including (but not limited to) financial,
   infrastructure, oil and gas, mining, telecommunications, services, agribusiness, and
   manufacturing.
    India is a member of MIGA.
   Q3. Union government recently approved most of the recommendations of Shekatkar committee.
   It was constituted to recommend measures for:
   a) Military reforms
   b) Railway reforms
   c) Agriculture reforms
   d) Infrastructure reforms
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   Solution: a)
   Explanation:
   The Union Defence Ministry has approved most of the proposals of a committee of experts, headed
   by Lt. Gen. D.B. Shekatkar (Retd) to bring host of reforms in the military and improve financial
   management.
   Around 90 recommendations of the committee were approved. Most of these recommendations
   are measures to increase coordination among the three Services and cut down flab in Army to make
   it lean and agile.
   Q4. Which of the following entities can be declared as wilful defaulter by a bank?
7. A person who has defaulted in repayment obligation even when he has capacity to pay.
8. A company that has diverted funds for purposes other than for which it was borrowed.
9. A person who has sold the assets bought by the lender”s fund without informing the bank.
   Select the correct answer using the code given below.
   a) 1 and 2 only
   b) 2 and 3 only
   c) 1 and 3 only
   d) 1, 2 and 3
   Solution: d)
   Explanation:
   All the given statements are correct.
   According to the RBI, a wilful default is deemed to have occurred in any of the following four
   circumstances:
   The unit has defaulted in meeting its payment / repayment obligations to the lender even when it
   has the capacity to honour the said obligations.
   The unit has defaulted in meeting its payment / repayment obligations to the lender and has not
   utilised the finance from the lender for the specific purposes for which finance was availed of but
   has diverted the funds for other purposes.
   The unit has defaulted in meeting its payment / repayment obligations to the lender and has
   siphoned off the funds so that the funds have not been utilised for the specific purpose for which
   finance was availed of, nor are the funds available with the unit in the form of other assets.
   The unit has defaulted in meeting its payment / repayment obligations to the lender and has also
   disposed off or removed the movable fixed assets or immovable property given for the purpose of
   securing a term loan without the knowledge of the bank / lender.
   Q5. The population of vultures is on decline in the recent times. In this context, consider the
   following statements:
10. Redheaded vulture has been listed as critically endangered by IUCN.
11. Diclofenac administered in animals is a cause for their decline.
12. Vulture Safe Zones are the exsitu conservation efforts by the Government of India.
    Which of the statements given above are correct?
    a) 1 and 2 only
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    b) 1 and 3 only
    c) 2 and 3 only
    d) 1, 2 and 3
    Solution: a)
    Explanation:
    Redheaded vulture or king vulture, Slender billed Vulture and long billed Vulture are listed as
    critically endangered.
    Diclofenac is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) administered to reduce inflammation
    and to reduce pain in livestock. Vultures which are unable to break down the chemical diclofenac,
    suffer from kidney failure when they eat the carcass of animals which have been administered with
    the drugDiclofenac.
    Meloxicam is a second generation NSAID and rate better than Diclofenac for the treatment of
    livestock, with reduced risk of side effects, and is also approved for human use in more than 70
    countries. Meloxicam is licensed as a veterinary drug in India, Europe and USA.
    Statement 3 is not correct: A Vulture Safe Zone (VSZ) is an insitu conservation method. It is a
    geographical area of at least 100 Km radius, which is designated as natural habitat of wild vultures
    and is made free of the presence of the drug diclofenac in animal carcasses. VSZs aims to protect
    and increase the remaining vulture populations and act as future release sites for the captivebred
    vultures.
    Q6. “It is a Ramsar site of international importance, located at the confluence of two rivers of Indus
    river system. It is a man made wetland which also feeds one of the largest canal projects of India
    running through Rajasthan.”
    Which among the following wetlands is best described by the above passage?
    a) Wular Lake
    b) Harike Wetland
    c) Kanjili Wetland
    d) Dal Lake
    Solution: b)
    Explanation:
    The wetland and the lake were formed by constructing the headworks across the Sutlej river in
13. The headworks is located downstream of the confluence of the Beas and Sutlej rivers just
    south of Harike village. The rich biodiversity of the wetland which plays a vital role in maintaining
    the precious hydrological balance in the catchment with its vast concentration of migratory fauna
    of waterfowls including a number of globally threatened species (stated to be next only to
    the Keoladeo National Park near Bharatpur) has been responsible for the recognition accorded to
    this wetland in 1990, by the Ramsar Convention, as one of the Ramasar sites in India, for
    conservation, development and preservation of the ecosystem
    Q7. Study of pugmarks of animals can provide reliable data regarding:
14. Physical condition of an animal
15. Sex Ratio
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16. Age
    Select the correct answer using the code given belowa) 1,2 and 3
    b) 2 and 3 only
    c) 2 only
    d) 1 and 3 only
    Solution: a)
    Explanation:
    Significance of Pug Marks:-
    Pugmarks of wildlife species are important evidence in the forensic analysis of species. The
    significance of pugmarks is discussed below.
    (1) Determination of Sex using Pug mark Measurements:
    The sex of animal species can be determined by measuring the length and width of full pug mark,
    pad, and toe and some other distinct features. Example, Tiger- The pugmarks of mature males are
    usually larger than that of the females. The pugmarks of a male nearly fit into a square whereas the
    pugmarks of a female nearly fit into a rectangle. The shape of toes in a male is more rounded while
    in the case of females they are elongated.
    (2) The age of Pugmarks can be calculated by looking at the dust and soil depositions. When
    pugmarks are fresh, then the wall of the soil, sand, or dust surrounding the imprints of toes and
    pads are intact and almost perpendicular, and the bases of imprints of pugmarks are smooth flat.
    With time, depending on whether pugmarks were in a shelter or an open spots, the actions of the
    rays of sunlight, the rate of airflow, the dewdrops of the night, the dust deposited on the pugmarks
    and the movement of invertebrates, the walls of the pugmarks get cracks and the pile of earth that
    took the weight of the animal also begins to fill up with dust deposits and other droppings.
    Q8. Consider the following statements1. Paris-Based International Energy Agency has more than 50 members.
17. India was admitted as a permanent member in 2019.
18. Oil Market Report is published by it.
    Select the correct answer using the code belowa) 1 and 2 only
    b) 2 and 3 only
    c) 3 only
    d) 1 and 3 only
    Solution: c)
    Explanation:
    About IEA
    • Paris-based IEA currently has 30 members, and was created as a response to the oil crisis of 1973-
19. It advises its member countries on issues related to energy security and economic development.
    • In 2017, India had joined as an associate member. Hence, statement 1 is correct and 2 is not
    correct.
    • IEA publishes World Energy Outlook, Oil Market Reports etc. Hence, statement 3 is not correct.
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    • Recently, India inked MoU with IEA for global energy security, sustainability.
    • Partnership will lead to exchange of knowledge and would be astepping stone towards India
    becoming a full member of IEA.
    Q9. Consider the following
    Tribes Regions Associated
20. Bru Tripura
21. Rengma Nagaland
22. Bonda Assam
    Which of the above items are not correctly matched?
    a) 1 and 2 only
    b) 2 only
    c) 1 and 3 only
    d) 3 only
    Solution: d)
    Explanation:
     Bru- The Brus, also referred to as the Reangs, are spread across the north-eastern states
    of Tripura, Assam, Manipur, and Mizoram. In Tripura, they are recognised as a Particularly
    Vulnerable Tribal Group.
     Culture: They speak the Reang dialect of Kokborok language which is locally referred to as
    Kau Bru. Their Hojagiri folk dance is well known all over the world. ‘Buisu’, not ‘bihu’ is the
    most popular festival of Reang tribes.
     Rengma is a Naga tribe found in Nagaland, Assam and Arunachal Pradesh.
     Bonda tribe, known for its secluded lifestyle. Bondas live in highlands, 3,500-feet above sea
    level, in Malkangiri, the southern-most district of Odisha.
    Q10. Antidumping duties applied to imported goods?
    a) are abolished by the World Trade Organization
    b) result in decreases in consumer surplus for domestic households
    c) are imposed by industrial countries but not developing countries
    d) result in lower-priced goods for domestic consumers
    Solution: b)