03 SEPTEMBER CURRENT AFFAIRS (MCQ)

Q1. With reference to the fundamental right to freedom, consider the following statements:

1. Article 19 of the Constitution of India entitles every citizen the right to move inside the country
   as well as right to move out of the country and right to come back to the country.
2. The Constitution of India provides that the right of outsiders to reside and settle in tribal areas
   is restricted to protect the distinctive culture, language, customs and manners of scheduled
   tribes and to safeguard their traditional vocation and properties against exploitation.
   Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution (b)

Explanation
Freedom of Movement: This freedom under Article 19 of the Constitution of Indiaentitles every
citizen to move freely throughout the territory of the country. He can move freely from one state
to another or from one place to another within a state. This right underline the idea that India is
one unit so far as the citizens are concerned. Thus, the purpose is to promote national feeling and
not parochialism.
The grounds of imposing reasonable restrictions on this freedom are two, namely, the interests of
general public and the protection of interests of any scheduled tribe. The entry of outsiders in tribal
areas is restricted to protect the distinctive culture, language, customs and manners of scheduled
tribes and to safeguard their traditional vocation and properties against exploitation
The freedom of movement has two dimensions, viz, internal (right to move inside the country) and
external (right to move out of the country and right to come back to the country). Article 19 protects
only the first dimension. The second dimension is dealt by Article 21 (right to life and personal
liberty).
Freedom of Residence: Every citizen has the right to reside and settle in any part of the territory of
the country. This right has two parts: (a) the right to reside in any part of the country, which means
to stay at any place temporarily, and (b) the right to settle in any part of the country, which means
to set up a home or domicile at any place permanently.
This right is intended to remove internal barriers within the country or between any of its parts. This
promotes nationalism and avoids narrow mindedness.
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The State can impose reasonable restrictions on the exercise of these right on two grounds, namely,
the interest of general public and the protection of interests of any scheduled tribes. The right of
outsiders to reside and settle in tribal areas is restricted to protect the distinctive culture, language,
customs and manners of scheduled tribes and to safeguard their traditional vocation and properties
against exploitation. In many parts of the country, the tribals have been permitted to regulate their
property rights in accordance with their customary rules and laws.

Q2. With reference to the Finance Commission, consider the following statements:

1. It makes recommendations regarding the distribution of the net proceeds of taxes to be shared
   between the Centre and the states.
2. It makes recommendations regarding the principles that should govern the grant-in-aid to the
   states out of the contingency fund of India.
   Which of the above statements is/are correct?

a) 1 only
b) 2 only
c) Both 1 and 2
d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution (a)

Explanation
Article 280 of the Constitution of India provides for a Finance Commission as a quasi judicial body.
It is constituted by the president of India every fifth year or at such earlier time as he considers
necessary.
The Finance Commission is required to make recommendations to the president of India on the
following matters:
 The distribution of the net proceeds of taxes to be shared between the Centre and the states,
and the allocation between the states of the respective shares of such proceeds.
 The principles that should govern the grants-in-aid to the states by the Centre (i.e., out of
the consolidated fund of India).
 The measures needed to augment the consolidated fund of a state to supplement the
resources of the panchayats and the municipalities in the state on the basis of the
recommendations made by the state finance commission.
 Any other matter referred to it by the president in the interests of sound finance.
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 The commission submits its report to the president. He lays it before both the Houses of
Parliament along with an explanatory memorandum as to the action taken on its
recommendations.

Q3. Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding Small Finance Banks:

1. Minimum paid up capital required to set up small finance bank is 100 crore.
2. It can issue credit cards.
3. It cannot accept time deposits.
   Choose the correct answer from the codes given below:
   a) 1 only
   b) 1 and 2 only
   c) 3 only
   d) 2 and 3 only

Solution (b)

Explanation
Small finance banks are financial institutions that provide financial services to the country’s
underserved and unbanked areas. They are registered as a public limited company under the
Companies Act, 2013. These banks, like other commercial banks, can engage in all basic banking
activities, such as issuing credit cards, lending and accepting time deposits such as fixed deposit and
recurring deposit.
Small finance banks are established with the goal of increasing financial inclusion by (1) providing
savings vehicles and (2) providing credit to small businesses, small and marginal farmers, micro and
small industries, and other unorganised sector entities through high-tech, low-cost operations.

Q4. BCG vaccine is primarily used against:
a) Diptheria
b) Hepatitis B
c) Rotavirus
d) Tuberculosis
Solution (d)
Explanation
BCG, or bacille Calmette-Guerin, is a vaccine for tuberculosis (TB) disease.
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BCG is used in many countries with a high prevalence of TB to prevent childhood tuberculous
meningitis and miliary disease.
Currently, BCG is the only licensed vaccine available for the prevention of TB.
In children, BCG provides strong protection against severe forms of TB. This protective effect is far
more variable in adolescents and adults, ranging from 0–80%.

Q5. Pashmina shawls are made with the wool obtained from:
a) Angora Rabbits
b) Bakarwal Sheeps
c) Changthang Goats
d) Tibetan Antelop

Solution (c)

Explanation
Pashmina comes from an animal fibre Cashmere, derived from the Changthangi goat of Ladakh. It is
well known for its warmth, lightweight, and softness in addition to its characteristic dye absorbing
property.
Pashmina has been accredited by the Guinness Book of World Records for being the costliest cloth
in the world (after a ban imposed on Shahtoosh – the fibre produced by the Tibetan Antelope). The
reason for being world-renowned is the diameter of each Cashmere thread, which is just 12-16
microns. The human hair has an average diameter of 50 microns, and that makes Cashmere fibre
equal to one-fourth of a human hair