03 AUGUST CURRENT AFFAIRS (MCQ)

Q1. Consider the following statements:

1. Beggary can be classified as exploitation and is also against Article 23 of the
   Constitution.
2. Juvenile Justice Act (Care and Protection of Children Act), 2015 identifies
   child beggars as “child in need of care and protection”.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
   a) 1 only
   b) 2 only
   c) Both 1 and 2
   d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: c)
Explanation:
• Beggary and homelessness is prevalent in India due to many reasons, chief
among them being greater economic segregation and insufficient access
to affordable and high-quality education.
• The Indian Constitution under Article 21 guarantees right to life, which
does not merely involve the act of breathing but also incorporates the right
to live with dignity, with livelihood, with good health and all other aspects
which make a human life meaningful and wholesome.
• Beggary can be classified as exploitation and is also against Article
23 (right of life free from exploitation) of the Constitution. 1 is correct.
• Juvenile Justice Act (Care and Protection of Children Act),
2015 identifies child beggars as “child in need of care and protection”, which
clashes with the persecutive provision of Bombay Prevention of Begging Act.
2 is correct.
o “Child in need of care and protection” means a child—who is found
without any home or settled place or abode and without any ostensible
means of subsistence, 1[(ia) who is found begging, or who is either a
street child or a working child,]

Q2. Consider the following statements:

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1. Chang Chenmo River valley is located in Arunachal Pradesh in Tibet near
   the disputed border with China.
2. Geothermal Hot Springs are heated by shallow intrusions of magma (molten
   rock) in volcanic areas.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
   a) 1 only
   b) 2 only
   c) Both 1 and 2
   d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: b)
Explanation:
Hot Springs (traditional name: Kyam) is a campsite and the location of an Indian
border checkpost in the Chang Chenmo River valley in Ladakh near the
disputed border with China. 1 is incorrect.
• It is so named because there is a hot spring at this location.
About Geothermal/Hot Springs:
• They are heated by shallow intrusions of magma (molten rock) in volcanic
areas. 2 is correct.
• Some thermal springs, however, are not related to volcanic activity.
• As we know, the deeper we go down the earth, the hotter it gets and finds
magma (molten rock) at the outer core of the earth. This magma (800-
1300°C) is surrounded by different layers of the earth.

Q3. Consider the following statements:

1. The eight-core sector industries are coal, crude oil, natural gas, refinery
   products, fertilisers, steel, cement and Software.
2. These eight industries account for 40.27% of the Index of Industrial
   Production (IIP).
   Which of the statements given above is/are incorrect?
   a) 1 only
   b) 2 only
   c) Both 1 and 2
   d) Neither 1 nor 2

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Solution: a)
Explanation:
Eight Core Industries:
• The eight-core sector industries are coal, crude oil, natural gas, refinery
products, fertilisers, steel, cement and electricity. 1 is incorrect.
• These eight industries account for 40.27% of the Index of Industrial
Production (IIP). 2 is correct.

Q4. Consider the following statements regarding “Compulsory licensing” under
Patent law:

1. A government can allow someone else to produce a patented product or
   process without the consent of the patent owner.
2. The patent owner has a right to be paid compensation for copies of the
   products made under the compulsory licence.
   Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
   a) 1 only
   b) 2 only
   c) Both 1 and 2
   d) Neither 1 nor 2

Solution: c)
Explanation:
Compulsory licensing is when a government allows someone else to produce a
patented product or process without the consent of the patent owner or plans to
use the patent-protected invention itself. It is one of the flexibilities in the field of
patent protection included in the WTO’s agreement on intellectual property — the
TRIPS (Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights) Agreement. 1 is
correct
The patent owner still has rights over the patent, including a right to be paid
compensation for copies of the products made under the compulsory licence. 2 is
correct

Q5. Which one of the following institutions publishes the ‘Global Innovation Index’?

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a) World Intellectual Property Organization
b) United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
c) World Economic Forum
d) US Chamber of Commerce

Solution: a)
Explanation:
The Global Innovation Index is released by the World Intellectual Property
Organisation (WIPO). It provides detailed metrics about
the innovation performance of 131 countries and economies around the world.
India has climbed 33 notches from 81st position in 2015-16 to 48th in 2020.